In the world of professional accountancy, two qualifications stand out worldwide: the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) and the Certified Public Accountant (CPA) designation. Both qualifications are highly respected, but they serve different purposes, structured differently and recognized in different parts of the world. Both ACCA and CPA are respected and globally recognized certifications in the accounting field. Both certifications are an excellent choice for those pursuing a career in accounting and finance.

What Is ACCA?

ACCA (Association of Chartered Certified Accountants) is a globally recognized certification in the fields of accounting, finance and business management. ACCA is a leading international association of professional accountants and is highly respected in over 180 countries. The exam is designed to give you the skills and knowledge that you need to succeed in a variety of financial professions. It covers a wide range of topics including accounting, auditing, taxation, financial management and corporate governance.

What Is CPA?

CPA (Certified Public Accountant) is a globally recognized certification in the field of accounting in the United States and is also respected and recognized worldwide. It is administered by the AICPA (American Institute of Certified Public Accountants), the world's largest accounting association, and is regulated by the individual State Boards of Accountancy in the United States. Although it is respected worldwide, it focuses primarily on US GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) and US federal tax and business law. It is the license required to practice public accounting in the US.

Understanding Key Differences ACCA and CPA

Both ACCA and CPA are accounting courses and there are many diffrences between them. lets discuss ACCA vs CPA debate.

1. Eligibility

ACCA: For ACCA, you generally need to have completed 10+2 (Higher Secondary Education) and scored at least 65% in Mathematics/Accounting and English.

CPA: To qualify as a CPA, candidates must usually have a bachelor's degree from a recognized college or institution. The most important requirement for the CPA exam in the U.S., especially for licensure, is to earn a certain number of semester credits, usually 120 credits for licensure (these credits are usually earned over the course of a three-year bachelor's degree) and 120 credits and 2 years of experience for CPA licensure.

2. Examination pattern

Both of the exams are computer-based exams which are conducted in prometric centers.

ACCA: ACCA has 13 exams in total divided into 3 distinct levels.

Applied Knowledge (3 exams)
Applied skill (6 exams)
Strategic professional (4 papers: 2 essential+2 optional).

The ACCA also grants exemptions for certain exams depending on your previous qualifications. If someone is a Qualified CA (Chartered Accountant), they are entitled to significant exemptions on the ACCA exam. In particular, they can gain exemption for all 9 exams at the Applied Knowledge and Applied Skills levels. This means that they can progress directly to the Strategic Professional Level. The pass rate for the ACCA exam is 30-50%

CPA: CPA has 4 exams each, 3 of which are core exams and one is a discipline exam. Each of the four-hour exams is divided into 5 testlets, 50% are MCQ-based questions and 50% are simulation or task-based questions. The pass rate for the US CPA exam is 50-55%.

3. Course duration

ACCA: 2 to 3 years of time to complete the qualification of ACCA though it can range from 1 year (with maximum exemptions) to 7-10 years (the maximum time allowed by ACCA to complete all exams).

CPA: CPA qualification generally takes 1 to 2 years of time to complete the exam portion with the overall process (including education and experience for licensure) often extending to 2 to 3 years.

4. Recognition

Both the US CPA & ACCA certification holds significant global recognition albeit with distinct primary focuses and strengths.

ACCA: ACCA is recognized in more than 180 countries, which makes it very attractive for professionals seeking an international career. Their curriculum, which is deeply embedded in International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), makes ACCA members irreplaceable to global businesses operating in multiple jurisdictions. They are strongly recognized in the UK, Europe, the Middle East, Africa and parts of Asia, often supported by extensive partnerships and agreements with local accounting bodies.

CPA: The CPA is clearly the highest standard of competence and the required license to practice public accounting in the United States. Due to its rigorous nature and expertise in US GAAP and federal tax law, it is highly regarded by US-based multinational companies worldwide. His recognition is further enhanced by a network of Mutual Recognition Agreements (MRAs) with professional organizations in key countries such as Canada, Australia, Hong Kong and Ireland, which facilitates the mobility of CPAs in these specific regions.

5. Examination dates

ACCA: The ACCA exams are divided into on-demand CBEs for Applied Knowledge and Business and Commercial Law, which can be taken at any time, and session CBEs for the remaining Applied Skills and all Strategic Professional exams, which are held during four fixed exam sessions in March, June, September and December.

CPA: CPA has three core sections (AUD, FAR, REG) that are tested throughout the year and offer flexibility to candidates. However, the three Discipline sections (BAR, ISC, TCP) are only administered during specific testing windows in January, April, June, July and October.

6. Job profiles

Both ACCA and CPA qualifications lead to diverse roles in finance.

ACCA: These are the top job profiles of ACCA.

Financial Analyst
Internal Auditor
Tax Consultant
Management Accountant
Financial Reporting Executive

CPA: These are the key job profiles for U.S. CPAs, ranging from traditional roles in accounting to more specialized fields.

Audit Associate
Financial Analyst
Internal and External Auditing
Tax Compliance
Corporate Controller

7. ACCA vs CPA salary

In India, both ACCA and CPA qualifications lead to competitive salaries.

ACCA: Entry-level professionals can expect INR 4-8 lakhs per annum, growing significantly with experience, potentially reaching INR 15-30 lakhs for senior roles.

US CPA: In India, starting salaries typically range from INR 7-10 lakhs per annum, with experienced professionals or those in Big 4 firms often commanding INR 12-25 lakhs or even higher in leadership positions.

ACCA vs CPA : Comparison Table

Feature	ACCA	CPA
Full Form	Association of Chartered Certified Accountants	Certified Public Accountant
Origin	United Kingdom	United States
Recognition	Global (180+ countries)	Global, Strong in the US
Eligibility	12th pass + Foundation or Graduation	Graduation + 120 credit hours (B.Com + M.Com/MBA)
Duration	2 – 3 years	12 – 18 months
No. of Papers	13 (with exemptions possible)	4 Exams
Focus	IFRS, Global Finance, Auditing	US GAAP, Taxation, Auditing
Flexibility	High – subject-wise attempt	Low – all exams within 18 months
Cost	₹2.5 – ₹3.5 lakhs (approx.)	₹2.8 – ₹3.5 lakhs (approx.)

Final Words

Both ACCA and CPA are highly respected accounting qualifications, each offering unique advantages depending on your career path and geographic focus. The CPA is highly relevant if you are pursuing positions that require an in-depth knowledge of US accounting standards or if you plan to work with US-based companies. On the other hand The ACCA is recognized worldwide, offers flexibility with its many exams and opens the doors to global opportunities.

FAQs

Q1. Which is Better ACCA or CPA?

Both CPA and ACCA are an excellent choice if you want to build or advance your career in finance and accounting. CPA is good for those who want to work in the United States or for an American company; however, ACCA is a globally recognized qualification with a strong presence in Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Middle East.

Q2. Starting Salary of ACCA

In India, the starting salary for ACCA professionals ranges from INR 4 lacs to INR 8 lacs per annum for those who have 0-3 years of experience. This figure may vary depending on the company, job role, city etc.

Q3. Can I pursue both ACCA and CPA?

Yes, of course. It is perfectly possible to gain both the CPA and ACCA qualifications. Holding both qualifications is seen as a strong double advantage, significantly broadening your career opportunities and deepening your expertise by combining the global IFRS expertise of ACCA with the in-depth US GAAP knowledge of CPA. This expands your career opportunities worldwide and makes you a sought-after expert in international and US accounting.